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The young people's history of Indiana. Conklin, Julia S. (Julia Stout), 1853–1948. 
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THE CAPITOL OF INDIANA.

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THE
YOUNG PEOPLE'S HISTORY
OF
INDIANA

BY

JULIA S. CONKLIN.

INDIANAPOLIS:
SENTINEL PRINTING COMPANY,
1899.

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COPYRIGHT 1899
BY
JULIA S. CONKLIN.

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DEDICATION.

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To my nephews, Myron and Emil Cook,
and the little girl who tried so hard to
"be good" while auntie wrote this book.

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  • "The winds of Heaven never fanned
  • The circling sunlight never spanned,
  • The borders of a fairer land
    Than our own Indiana."
--Sarah T. Bolton. page: [5][View Page [5]]

A LETTER.

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My Dear Young Friends:

You have read of Aladdin and his wonderful lamp and of the genii who turned everything into glittering gold, and commonplace surroundings into palaces of delight.

The story I have to tell you is more wonderful than any tale of fairy or genie. It tells how an almost limitless wilderness was turned into a great and prosperous State--not in a moment's time, by the waving of a wand--but by the patient toil of thousands of brave and sturdy men and women, in a period of less than one hundred years. They were the genii who swept away the forests, made the farms, built the cities and established civilization.

The merit of this story lies in the truth of its magic, and in this it is superior to any fairy tale. There are those yet living who have witnessed much of this wonderful transformation, and it seems a fitting time, at the close of this Nineteenth Century, that the young people of Indiana should be told that all the growth, all the progress and improvement in Indiana has been made since 1800. Indeed, Indiana is one of the miracles of the closing century.

In giving this little book to you it is my sincere desire that you may derive half the pleasure in reading that I did in writing it. This is scarcely to be expected, however, for the entire year which I devoted to its preparation was a constant delight--the very happiest of my life, so in point of time, at least, I have the advantage of my readers.

If, like the heroes and heroines of the old fairy tales, I should be granted three wishes concerning this book--shall I tell you what they would be?

1st. I would create in the minds and hearts of the boys and girls of Indiana a genuine love and pride for our State; a desire to know more about her and a determination to be worthy to be called her citizens.

2d. I would teach them that in the Union of States there is none better than our own; that nowhere does the sun shine brighter, do the birds sing sweeter, nor are the flowers more fragrant page: 6[View Page 6] than in Indiana; that her cities are as beautiful, her fields as fertile, her institutions as great, her people as talented as any to be found on the continent.

3d. I would teach them to love and respect the memory of the men and women, who, by toil and through hardships made Indiana what she is to-day. They were not all cultured men and women, perhaps, and some of them were uneducated, but they were brave and true, and we are indebted to them for all the advantages we enjoy.

There has long been a tendency to depreciate our own State. We have not been a boastful commonwealth; we have not exalted our own. But the time has come when the word "Hoosier" is no longer a term of ridicule, but one in which we may take pride. The time will come when like Rome of old, we may say, "Why, to be a 'Hoosier' is greater than a king."

I cannot close without acknowledging my obligation to those friends who gave me timely aid in the preparation of this book. Some of them must be nameless, but I am none the less grateful to them. Among the books that have been helpful to me I would mention J. B. Dillon's "History of Indiana"; W. H. English's "Conquest of the Northwestern Territory"; W. W. Woollen's "Biographical Sketches of Early Indiana"; J. P. Dunn's "Indiana a Redemption from Slavery"; W. H. Smith's "History of Indiana," and W. W. Thornton's "Government of the State of Indiana."

I am under a deep sense of gratitude to the Hon. William Wesley Woollen, President of Indiana Historical Society, for his great kindness and helpful advice in my work. I send this little book to meet its fate with greater courage and confidence because he has said "It is well."

J. S. C. Westfield, Ind.,
Aug. 26, 1899.

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CONTENTS

  1. CHAPTER PAGE
  2. Pre-Historic Indiana--The Mound Builders--North American Indians9
  3. Early Explorations--Missionaries--LaSalle Visits Indiana, Discovers the Mouth of the Mississippi River and Takes Possession of the Country in the Name of France19
  4. The French King Causes Forts to be Built--The Territory Divided into Two Provinces--French Forts in Indiana--The British Gain a Foothold in Indiana--Passes into the Hands of the British--War Between England and Mexico29
  5. Pontiac's War--Indians Attack the Forts and Control the Ohio Valley39
  6. Indiana Becomes a Part of Canada--England at War with the American Colonies--Revolutionary War49
  7. Conquest of the Northwestern Territory by George Rogers Clark54
  8. Fort Gage (Vincennes) Surrenders to the Americans--Re-taken by the British--Captured by Colonel Clark--The First American Flag Displayed in Indiana66
  9. Colonel John Todd Becomes Ruler Over the Territory--Condition of the Settlers--Miami Confederacy--Indiana the Property of the United States--Indian Outbreaks78
  10. First Laws Published in Indiana--Territorial Legislature Formed-Vincennes91
  11. The Northwestern Territory Divided--Indiana Territory Formed--Wm. Henry Harrison Governor--Aaron Burr--Negro Slavery Indiana Territory Divided--Second Grade Government--First Territorial Legislature101
  12. Tecumseh and the Prophet--Fort Harrison Erected--Battle of Tippecanoe--The Prophet's Influence Destroyed112
  13. Indian Outbreaks--War of 1812--Fort Harrison Attacked--Suffering of the Settlers--Tecumseh Killed--Indians Murdered Near Pendleton130
  14. Capital Removed to Corydon--Right of Suffrage Extended--Thomas Posey Appointed Governor--Congress Passes an Act Enabling Indiana to Form a State Constitution145
  15. First Constitutional Convention--Indiana Becomes a State--Jonathan Jennings Govenor152
  16. Why it is Necessary that States Should Have Constitutions--Division of State Government--Duties of State, County and Township Officers157
  17. Recapitulation--Journey to the Forest Home--Settler's Cabin--Hardships of Pioneer Life--Progress of a Hundred Years168
  18. Life and Occupations of the Settlers--Unhealthful Condition of the Country--Improvement in Manner of Living181
  19. Surveying--Difficulties Encountered by the Early Surveyors--Sale of Land189
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  21. Character of the Early Settlers--Religious Worship--The Circuit Riders--New Harmony198
  22. First Schools in Indiana--Difficulties of Obtaining an Education--Spelling Schools203
  23. Public School System--How a Public School Fund was Established and Maintained--Other Schools and Colleges213
  24. Land Donated for a State Capital--Indianapolis on Paper--As It Was, and Is--Governor's Circle--First Railroad220
  25. Internal Improvement System--Roads and Canals in Indiana--Financial Distress--State Debt228
  26. The Old National Road--Manner of Travel--Stage Coaches--Wagoners--Coming of the Railroads239
  27. The Second Constitutional Convention--The Men Who Made Our Constitution--Their Nationality and Occupations249
  28. The First Legislature Under the New Constitution--The Laws of the State Re constructed--How Laws are Made257
  29. Early Indiana Banks--Method of Banking--Anti-Slavery Movement--Underground Railroad264
  30. The War for the Union--Indiana's Response to the Call for Volunteers--Special Session of the Legislature--Indianapolis a Great Military Center267
  31. The War in Indiana--Johnson with a Band of Guerrillas Invades Newburg277
  32. John Morgan Crosses the Ohio River and Invades Southern Indiana--Alarm Throughout the State--State Troops March Against Morgan--He Makes His Escape into Ohio and is Captured284
  33. Indiana After the War--Return of the Troops--Educational Advancement--The Present School System--Taxes--How Property is Taxed296
  34. Penal and Benevolent Institutions--How the State Provides for Its Criminals and Unfortunate Citizens304
  35. Territorial Militia--Muster Day--Militia Abandoned--Indiana National Guards Organized--The Spanish-American War--Indiana's Part In It310
  36. First Courts in Indiana--Judicial System of the State--Elections--Who are Entitled to Vote--How Elections are Conducted and the Results Declared317
  37. Roads and Highways--Difficulty of Early Travel--Road Improvements--How Roads are Located and Built--Indiana Drainage System326
  38. Physical Indiana--Fertility of the Soil--Hills, Lakes and Caverns--Natural Resources--Coal--Building Stone--Natural Gas332
  39. Governors of Indiana--Territorial and State--Brief Biographies--Other Prominent Men and Women of the State338
  40. APPENDIX A. Counties--Name and Organization371
  41. APPENDIX B. Names and Terms of Governors373
  42. APPENDIX C. United States Senators374
  43. Tabulated Statement375
  44. Illustrations.
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